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inadequate standard

Толкование Перевод

1 inadequate standard

неудовлетворительный стандарт

* * *

неудовлетворительный стандарт

Англо-русский словарь нефтегазовой промышленности > inadequate standard
2 inadequate standard

Нефть: неудовлетворительный стандарт

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > inadequate standard
3 inadequate standard

неудовлетворительный стандарт

The English-Russian dictionary on reliability and quality control > inadequate standard
4 standard

стандарт; норма; эталон; образец; проба || стандартный; нормальный; обычный

— antipollution effluent standard

— gas standard

— reference standard

— test standard

* * *

1. стандарт || стандартный

2. эталон; образцовая мера; образец; норма; норматив

3. технические требования; технические условия

to abide by the standard — соблюдать стандарт;

to discard as a standard — аннулировать в качестве стандарта;

to revise the standard — пересматривать стандарт;

up to the world standard — на уровне мирового стандарта

— ABC standard

— acceptable standard

— acceptance standard

— agreed standard

— American standard

— ANSI standard

— association standard

— ASTM standard

— base standard

— basic standard

— branch standard

— British standard

— certification standard

— classified standard

— commercial standard

— company standard

— complete standard

— construction standard

— coordinated standard

— design standard

— documentation standard

— domestic standard

— draft standard

— engineering performance standard

— engineering standard

— experimental standard

— federal standard

— foreign standard

— fundamental standard

— general standard

— generic standard

— graphical standard

— group standard

— harmonized standard

— inadequate standard

— industrial safety standards

— industrial standard

— industry standard

— in-plant standard

— interim standard

— internal standard

— international standard

— legal standard

— limiting standard

— local standard

— maintainability standard

— maintenance standards

— mandatory standard

— master standard

— metric standard

— multilevel standard

— national standard

— occupational standards

— operating standards

— pass-off standard

— performance standard

— permissive standard

— plant standard

— practical standard

— presumptive standard

— primary standard

— prime standard

— procedural standard

— procedure standard

— process standard

— product standard

— production standard

— prohibitory standard

— recommended standard

— regional standard

— reliability standard

— reliability-and-quality standards

— restrictive standard

— revised standard

— safety standard

— serviceability standard

— special standard

— standard of behavior

— state standard

— statutory standard

— storage serviceability standard

— suggested standard

— technical repair standards

— temporary standard

— tentative standard

— test standard

— trade standard

— trading standard

— unclassified standard

— United States standard

— universal standard

— voluntary standard

— working standard

— workmanship standard

— written standard

* * *

стандарт; нормаль; норма, эталон, образец

* * *

стандарт, нормаль, норма; эталон, модель

* * *

1) стандарт || стандартный

2) эталон; образцовая мера; образец; норма; норматив

3) технические требования; технические условия

•

to abide by the standard — соблюдать стандарт;

to revise the standard — пересматривать стандарт;

up to the world standard — на уровне мирового стандарта

- standard of behavior
- ABC standard
- acceptable standard
- acceptance standard
- agreed standard
- American standard
- American-British-Canadian standard
- ANSI standard
- association standard
- ASTM standard
- base standard
- basic standard
- branch standard
- Briggs standard
- British standard
- certification standard
- commercial standard
- company standard
- complete standard
- construction standard
- coordinated standard
- design standard
- documentation standard
- domestic standard
- draft standard
- drilling rig size standard
- engineering standard
- engineering performance standard
- experimental standard
- federal standard
- foreign standard
- fundamental standard
- gas standard
- general standard
- generic standard
- graphical standard
- group standard
- harmonized standard
- high cetene standard
- inadequate standard
- industrial standard
- industrial safety standards
- industry standard
- in-plant standard
- interim standard
- internal standard
- international standard
- legal standard
- limiting standard
- local standard
- maintainability standard
- maintenance standards
- mandatory standard
- master standard
- metric standard
- multilevel standard
- national standard
- new British standard
- occupational standards
- operating standard
- pass-off standard
- performance standard
- permissive standard
- plant standard
- practical standard
- presumptive standard
- primary standard
- prime standard
- procedural standard
- procedure standard
- process standard
- product standard
- production standard
- prohibitory standard
- pump jack size standard
- recommended standard
- regional standard
- reliability standard
- reliability-and-quality standards
- restrictive standard
- revised standard
- safety standard
- serviceability standard
- special standard
- state standard
- statutory standard
- storage serviceability standard
- suggested standard
- technical repair standard
- temporary standard
- tentative standard
- test standard
- trade standard
- trading standard
- United States standard
- universal standard
- universal maintenance standard
- voluntary standard
- voluntary product standard
- working standard
- workmanship standard
- written standard
* * *

• технические требования

• технические условия

Англо-русский словарь нефтегазовой промышленности > standard
5 неудовлетворительный стандарт

inadequate standard

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > неудовлетворительный стандарт
6 reliability

надёжность; безотказность ( в работе) ; показатель надёжности; вероятность безотказной работы

reliability in severe applications — надёжность в тяжёлых условиях эксплуатации

— a priori reliability

— acceptable reliability

— achieved reliability

— actual reliability

— advanced reliability

— allocated reliability

— anticipated reliability

— apportioned reliability

— assessed reliability

— assurance reliability

— asymptotic reliability

— attainable reliability

— attained reliability

— augmented reliability

— average reliability

— boundary reliability

— calculated reliability

— compound reliability

— computed reliability

— conditional reliability

— current reliability

— demand reliability

— demonstrated reliability

— design reliability

— desired reliability

— dormant reliability

— drift reliability

— duplex reliability

— durability reliability

— dynamic reliability

— effective reliability

— engineering reliability

— enhanced reliability

— environmental reliability

— equipment reliability

— estimated reliability

— exact reliability

— expected reliability

— experimental reliability

— extra-high reliability

— failure-cause reliability

— field reliability

— final reliability

— functional reliability

— guaranteed reliability

— highest possible reliability

— inadequate reliability

— initial reliability

— in-service reliability

— long-life reliability

— long-range reliability

— long-term reliability

— lot-by-lot reliability

— low reliability

— mainstage reliability

— maintenance reliability

— measured reliability

— mechanical reliability

— minimum acceptable reliability

— nominal reliability

— nonparametric reliability

— nonredundant reliability

— normalized reliability

— numerical reliability

— observed reliability

— operating reliability

— operational reliability

— optimal reliability

— optimized reliability

— optimum reliability

— parametric reliability

— part-dependent reliability

— performance reliability

— planned reliability

— poor reliability

— posterior reliability

— predetermined reliability

— predicted reliability

— preliminary reliability

— pre-test reliability

— probabilistic reliability

— proven reliability

— qualitative reliability

— quality reliability

— quantitative reliability

— redundant reliability

— relative reliability

— reliability by duplication

— reliability by redundancy

— reliability of operation

— reliability of service

— reliability versus time

— reliability with repair

— running reliability

— satisfactory reliability

— series reliability

— service reliability

— service-free reliability

— short-term reliability

— simplex reliability

— standard reliability

— standby reliability

— start reliability

— stationary reliability

— strategic reliability

— structural reliability

— synthesized reliability

— target reliability

— terminal reliability

— tolerable reliability

— tribological reliability

— ultimate reliability

— unacceptable reliability

— unsatisfactory reliability

— use reliability

— weighted reliability

— zero-failure reliability

* * *

надёжность

* * *

надёжность; безотказность (); показатель надёжности; вероятность безотказной работы

reliability by duplication — обеспечение надёжности путём дублирования;

reliability by redundancy — обеспечение надёжности путём резервирования;

reliability in severe applications — надёжность в тяжёлых условиях эксплуатации;

reliability versus time — зависимость вероятности безотказной работы от времени;

reliability with repair — надёжность с восстановлением; надёжность при выполнении ремонта

- reliability of operation
- reliability of service
- a priori reliability
- acceptable reliability
- achieved reliability
- actual reliability
- advanced reliability
- allocated reliability
- anticipated reliability
- apportioned reliability
- assessed reliability
- assurance reliability
- asymptotic reliability
- attainable reliability
- attained reliability
- augmented reliability
- average reliability
- average estimated reliability
- boundary reliability
- calculated reliability
- compound reliability
- computed reliability
- conditional reliability
- current reliability
- demand reliability
- demonstrated reliability
- design reliability
- desired reliability
- dormant reliability
- drift reliability
- duplex reliability
- durability reliability
- dynamic reliability
- effective reliability
- engineering reliability
- enhanced reliability
- environmental reliability
- equipment reliability
- estimated reliability
- exact reliability
- expected reliability
- experimental reliability
- extra-high reliability
- failure-cause reliability
- field reliability
- final reliability
- functional reliability
- guaranteed reliability
- highest possible reliability
- in-service reliability
- inadequate reliability
- initial reliability
- long-life reliability
- long-range reliability
- long-term reliability
- lot-by-lot reliability
- low reliability
- mainstage reliability
- maintenance reliability
- measured reliability
- mechanical reliability
- minimum acceptable reliability
- nominal reliability
- nonparametric reliability
- nonredundant reliability
- normalized reliability
- numerical reliability
- observed reliability
- operating reliability
- operational reliability
- optimal reliability
- optimized reliability
- optimum reliability
- parametric reliability
- part-dependent reliability
- performance reliability
- planned reliability
- poor reliability
- posterior reliability
- pre-test reliability
- predetermined reliability
- predicted reliability
- preliminary reliability
- probabilistic reliability
- proven reliability
- qualitative reliability
- quality reliability
- quantitative reliability
- redundant reliability
- relative reliability
- running reliability
- satisfactory reliability
- service reliability
- service-free reliability
- short-term reliability
- standard reliability
- start reliability
- stationary reliability
- strategic reliability
- structural reliability
- synthesized reliability
- target reliability
- terminal reliability
- tolerable reliability
- tribological reliability
- ultimate reliability
- unacceptable reliability
- unsatisfactory reliability
- use reliability
- weighted reliability
- zero-failure reliability
* * *

• 1) надежность; 2) достоверность запасов

• вероятность безотказной работы

• достоверность запасов

• показатель надежности

Англо-русский словарь нефтегазовой промышленности > reliability
7 control

1. n

1) управление, руководство

2) контроль, проверка; контролирование; надзор

3) управление; регулирование; регулировка

- accounting control
- administrative control
- air traffic control
- arms control
- automatic control
- biological control
- birth control
- border control
- budgetary control
- central control
- check-in control
- complete control
- computer control
- constant control
- consumer credit control
- contamination control
- continuous control
- cost control
- credit control
- crop pest control
- currency control
- current control
- customs control
- cycle control
- day-to-day control
- depletion control
- direct control
- economic control
- effective control
- environmental control
- exchange control
- export control
- feedback control
- financial control
- fiscal control
- follow-up control
- foreign control
- foreign exchange control
- functional control
- government control
- humidity control
- import control
- inadequate control
- individual control
- inflation control
- information control
- insurance control
- internal control
- international control of liquidity
- internal administrative control
- interoperational control
- inventory control
- labour control
- lax control
- machine control
- managerial control
- mandatory control
- manual control
- manufacturing control
- market control
- marketing control
- material control
- material quality control
- maximum-minimum inventory control
- monetary control
- monetary base control
- monopoly control
- nongovernmental control
- numerical control
- on-site control
- operating control
- operational control
- order control
- ordering and stock control
- order intake control
- output control
- outside control
- overall control
- partial control
- passport control
- percentage control
- periodic control
- pest control
- pollution control
- population control
- price control
- process control
- product control
- production control
- product quality control
- product status control
- profitability control
- programme control
- progress control
- property control
- public control
- quality control
- quantity control
- regular control
- remote control
- rent control
- routine control
- running control
- selection control
- selective control
- selective credit control
- selective price control
- sequential control
- shipping control
- shop floor control
- shortage control
- social control
- special control
- spending control
- standard control
- standard cost control
- state control
- statistical control
- statutory control
- stock control
- stores control
- strict control
- stringent control
- supervisory control
- supplier control
- technical control
- tight control
- traffic control
- uniform control
- unit stock control
- vehicle exhaust control
- wage control
- wage-price control
- work control
- workers' control
- working control
- control of goods received
- control of investment
- control of materials and supplies inventories
- control over export and import
- control over prices
- under the control of
- assume control
- bring under control
- carry out control
- drop control
- effect control
- ensure effective control
- establish control
- exercise control
- exert control
- gain control of a company
- get beyond control
- get out of control
- have control
- impose control
- keep under control
- lift control
- lose control
- maintain control
- perform control
- place under control
- put under control
- relinquish control
- set up control
- strengthen control
- take out of control
- take under control
2. v

1) управлять, руководить

2) контролировать, проверять

3) регулировать, контролировать

English-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > control
8 curing

затвердевание (напр. синтетической смолы, бетона); выдержка ( бетона) ( до получения необходимых свойств)

curing by ponding — выдержка с заливкой водой (напр. бетона)

- curing of concrete
- accelerated curing of concrete - adiabatic curing - air curing - alternating curing - chemical curing - concrete curing - dry curing - electric curing of concrete - fog curing - high-pressure steam curing - high temperature curing - hot air curing - low-pressure steam curing - moist curing - solar-assisted curing of concrete - standard curing - vacuum curing
* * *

уход за бетоном, выдерживание бетона

curing by ponding — выдерживание бетона [уход за бетоном] заливкой водой
- accelerated curing
- adiabatic curing
- atmospheric steam curing
- autoclave curing
- autogenous curing
- concrete curing
- direct electric curing
- electric curing
- fog curing
- high pressure steam curing
- improper curing
- inadequate curing
- insulated curing
- low-pressure steam curing
- membrane curing
- moist curing
- single-stage curing
- solar-assisted curing of concrete
- spray-applied curing
- standard curing
- steam curing
- temperature-matched curing
- two-stage curing

Англо-русский строительный словарь > curing
9 curing

curing

n
уход за бетоном, выдерживание бетона

curing by ponding — выдерживание бетона [уход за бетоном] заливкой водой

- accelerated curing
- adiabatic curing
- atmospheric steam curing
- autoclave curing
- autogenous curing
- concrete curing
- direct electric curing
- electric curing
- fog curing
- high pressure steam curing
- improper curing
- inadequate curing
- insulated curing
- low-pressure steam curing
- membrane curing
- moist curing
- single-stage curing
- solar-assisted curing of concrete
- spray-applied curing
- standard curing
- steam curing
- temperature-matched curing
- two-stage curing

Англо-русский строительный словарь. — М.: Русский Язык. С.Н.Корчемкина, С.К.Кашкина, С.В.Курбатова. 1995.

Англо-русский словарь строительных терминов > curing
10 concrete

concrete

n
бетон; бетонная смесь || бетонировать

concrete around reinforcing steel — бетон в зоне [между стержнями] арматуры

concrete compacted by jolting — бетонная смесь, уплотнённая ударным методом [трамбованием]

concrete cured at 20°C — бетон, выдерживаемый при температуре 20°C

concrete cured at elevated temperatures — бетон, выдержанный [отвердевший] в условиях повышенных температур

concrete in mass — массивный бетон, бетон, уложенный в большой массив

concrete in the structure — бетон в теле конструкции [сооружения] ( в отличие от бетона в контрольных образцах)

concrete placed in lifts — бетон, укладываемый слоями [послойно]

concrete placed in the work — бетон, уложенный в конструкцию

concrete strong enough to support its own weight — бетон, достигший прочности, достаточной для восприятия собственного веса

concrete strong enough to support superimposed loads — бетон, достигший прочности, позволяющей воспринимать приложенные [временные] нагрузки

concrete with a high cement factor — бетонная смесь с большим содержанием цемента, жирная бетонная смесь

- concrete of inadequate quality
- concrete of the required quality
- abrasion-resistant concrete
- acid-resisting concrete
- acrylic concrete
- aerated concrete
- air-entrained concrete
- air entrapped concrete
- air-placed concrete
- air-tight concrete
- alkali-resistant glass grain-reinforced concrete
- all-lightweight-aggregate concrete
- architectural concrete
- architectural exposed concrete
- architectural precast concrete
- asbestos foamed concrete
- as-mixed concrete
- asphaltic concrete
- asphalt concrete
- as-placed concrete
- autoclaved concrete
- backfill concrete
- basalt chippings concrete
- base course concrete
- base concrete
- belt-conveyed concrete
- biological shielding concrete
- bitumen concrete
- black concrete
- blended cement concrete
- blinding concrete
- board-finished concrete
- board marked concrete
- breeze concrete
- brick-look concrete
- brushed concrete
- bulk concrete
- bush hammered concrete
- calcium silicate concrete
- cast-in-place concrete
- cellular concrete
- cement concrete
- centrifugally cast concrete
- chloride-contaminated concrete
- cinder concrete
- clay concrete
- coarse-graded asphaltic concrete
- coarse asphaltic concrete
- coarse-graded asphalt concrete
- coarse asphalt concrete
- cold-laid asphaltic concrete
- cold asphaltic concrete
- cold-laid asphalt concrete
- cold asphalt concrete
- colloidal concrete
- colored concrete
- compacted concrete
- composite reinforced concrete
- constructional concrete
- continuously reinforced concrete
- conventional concrete
- corrosion-damaged concrete
- crushed concrete
- crushed brick concrete
- cryogenic concrete
- cured concrete
- custom concrete
- cyclopean concrete
- dense concrete
- densit concrete
- dingy concrete
- disintegrated concrete
- doubly prestressed concrete
- doubly reinforced concrete
- dry concrete
- dry mixture concrete
- dry mix concrete
- durable concrete
- earth-damp concrete
- electrically conductive concrete
- electrically heated concrete
- epoxy concrete
- exfoliated vermiculite concrete
- expanded concrete
- expanded-clay concrete
- expansive-cement concrete
- exposed aggregate concrete
- extra heavy concrete
- extreme lightweight concrete
- extruded concrete
- facing concrete
- fair-faced concrete
- fat concrete
- fiber reinforced concrete
- field concrete
- field-cured concrete
- fill concrete
- fine grained concrete
- fine grain concrete
- fire-proof concrete
- floated concrete
- flowing concrete
- flow concrete
- foamed concrete
- foamed slag concrete
- foam-gas concrete
- free-flowing concrete
- fresh concrete
- freshly laid concrete
- freshly mixed concrete
- freshly placed concrete
- fully consolidated concrete
- furnace cinder concrete
- gas concrete
- glass concrete
- glass-fiber reinforced concrete
- granolithic concrete
- green concrete
- grouted-aggregate concrete
- grouted concrete
- gunned concrete
- gypsum concrete
- gypsum fiber concrete
- hand mixed concrete
- hardened concrete
- harsh concrete
- hearting concrete
- heated concrete
- heat insulating concrete
- heat-resistant concrete
- heavyweight concrete
- weight concrete
- high-density concrete
- high-early-strength concrete
- high flowability concrete
- high-pressure steam cured concrete
- high-strength concrete
- high-temperature-resisting concrete
- high-temperature concrete
- high-workability concrete
- holdover concrete
- honeycombed concrete
- hot concrete
- hot-laid asphaltic concrete
- hot asphaltic concrete
- hot-laid asphalt concrete
- hot asphalt concrete
- hot weather concrete
- hydraulic concrete
- ice concrete
- improved quality concrete
- in-fill concrete
- initial concrete
- in-situ concrete
- insulating concrete
- integrally colored concrete
- iron-shot concrete
- latex modified concrete
- lean mix concrete
- lean concrete
- left-over concrete
- lightweight concrete
- lightweight aggregate concrete
- lime concrete
- low cement content concrete
- low-density concrete
- low-grade concrete
- low-heat concrete
- low-pressure steam cured concrete
- low-slump concrete
- low-slump dense concrete
- low workability concrete
- machine mixed concrete
- marine concrete
- mass concrete
- microsilica concrete
- monolithic concrete
- mushy concrete
- nailable concrete
- new concrete
- no-fines concrete
- no-fine concrete
- noncomplying concrete
- nonshrink concrete
- normal-weight concrete
- normal concrete
- no-slump concrete
- no-voids concrete
- ocrated concrete
- off-formwork concrete
- ordinary structural concrete
- ornamental concrete
- oversite concrete
- packaged concrete
- pattern stamped concrete
- pavement concrete
- perlite aggregate concrete
- perlite concrete
- perlite insulating concrete
- pfa concrete
- pigmented concrete
- plain concrete
- plant-mixed concrete
- plastic concrete
- plastic state concrete
- pneumatically placed concrete
- polyester resin concrete
- polyester concrete
- polymer concrete
- polymer-cement concrete
- polymer-impregnated concrete
- polymer-modified concrete
- polymer-modified glass-fiber-reinforced concrete
- polystyrene bead concrete
- polystyrene-foam concrete
- poor concrete
- popcorn concrete
- porous concrete
- Portland cement concrete
- post-tension concrete
- pourable concrete
- poured-in-place concrete
- pozzolana concrete
- precast concrete
- precast glass-fiber-reinforced concrete
- precast prestressed concrete
- precast reinforced concrete
- precast with cast-in-place concrete
- prefabricated reinforced concrete
- prefab reinforced concrete
- prepacked aggregate concrete
- prepacked concrete
- pre-post tensioned concrete
- prestressed concrete
- pretensioned concrete
- pretension concrete
- properly consolidated concrete
- pumice concrete
- pumpable concrete
- quality concrete
- quality controlled concrete
- radiation shielding concrete
- rammed concrete
- ready mixed concrete
- recycled concrete
- refractory concrete
- refractory insulating concrete
- regular concrete
- reinforced concrete
- reinforced polymer concrete
- resin concrete
- resin modified cement concrete
- returned concrete
- rich concrete
- roller compacted concrete
- rubble concrete
- salt water resistant concrete
- sand concrete
- sand blasted concrete
- sawdust concrete
- scale-resistant concrete
- scoria concrete
- sealed concrete
- seawater resisting concrete
- seawater concrete
- self-compacting concrete
- self-stressed concrete
- semidry concrete
- semilightweight concrete
- set concrete
- shielding concrete
- shrinkage compensating concrete
- shrink-mixed concrete
- shuttered concrete
- silica-fume concrete
- silicate concrete
- site concrete
- site mixed concrete
- site mixed ready mixed concrete
- slag concrete
- specialty concretes
- special concretes
- specified ready mixed concrete
- sprayed concrete
- sprayed steel fiber concrete
- spun concrete
- stabilized concrete
- stamped concrete
- standard concrete
- steam cured concrete
- steel fiber concrete
- steel fiber reinforced concrete
- steel fibrous concrete
- sticky concrete
- stiff consistency concrete
- stiff concrete
- stone concrete
- structural concrete
- structural lightweight aggregate concrete
- structural lightweight concrete
- structural precast concrete
- submerged concrete
- sulfate-resistant concrete
- sulfur concrete
- sulfur-modified concrete
- super concrete
- superplasticized concrete
- superplasticized flowing concrete
- tamped concrete
- tar concrete
- terrazzo concrete
- textured architectural concrete
- textured concrete
- textured concrete left as cast
- three component concrete
- tooled concrete
- transit-mix concrete
- translucent concrete
- tremie concrete
- trowelled concrete
- truck-mixed concrete
- two-component concrete
- ultra-high-strength concrete
- uncured concrete
- undersanded concrete
- underwater concrete
- uniform concrete
- unreinforced concrete
- unsurfaced exposed concrete
- vacuum treated concrete
- vacuum concrete
- vermiculate concrete
- vibrated concrete
- waterproofed concrete
- water-repellent concrete
- watertight concrete
- weak concrete
- wearproof concrete
- wet concrete
- white cement concrete
- white concrete
- wire prestressed precast concrete
- wire stressed precast concrete
- wood cement concrete
- wood fiber concrete
- zero slump concrete

Англо-русский строительный словарь. — М.: Русский Язык. С.Н.Корчемкина, С.К.Кашкина, С.В.Курбатова. 1995.

* * *

concrete

n
• 1) /vt/ бетонировать; 2) /vt, in passive/ бетонировать

• бетон

• конкретный

Англо-русский строительный словарь. Академик.ру. 2011.

Англо-русский словарь строительных терминов > concrete
11 security

1) безопасность; служба безопасности

2) защита; защищенность

3) сохранение секретности

- be checked out for security

- breach the security

- compromise security

- enhance security

- implement security

- insure the security

- provide security

- undermine the security

- security against eavesdropping

- security against illegal conduct

- security by analysis

- access security

- add-on security

- adequate security

- administrative security

- algorithmic security

- antibug security

- antihacker security

- application-specific security

- area security

- audio security

- automatic security

- business security

- chosen-ciphertext attack security

- cipher security

- cipher-text only attack security

- communication security

- complexity theoretic security

- compromised security

- computational security

- computer security

- cost-effective security

- cryptographic security

- cryptographic equipment physical security

- cryptographic file security

- cryptological security

- cryptosystem security

- data security

- data communication security

- data processing security

- deducibility security

- denial-of-access security

- dial-back security

- dial-in security

- discretion access security

- discretionary security

- document security

- EDP security

- electronic security

- electronic data processing security

- electronic emission security

- emanation emission security

- encryption security

- encryption-based security

- end-to-end security

- file security

- hardware security

- hardware-based security

- high security

- highgrade security

- hookup security

- inadequate security

- information security

- information-theoretic security

- inherent security

- installation security

- integrated security

- integrity-based security

- interception security

- intra-network security

- key security

- lax security

- line security

- link security

- link-oriented security

- local area network security

- login security

- logon security

- long-lasting security

- longterm security

- mandatory security

- mathematical security

- mathematically determined security

- message security

- message-flow security

- multilevel security

- national security

- network security

- non-disclosure security

- operational data security

- operation security

- optimum security

- outdoor security

- padlocking security

- password security

- people security

- perimeter security

- personnel security

- phone security

- physical security

- point security

- polynomial security

- practical security

- preventive security

- procedural security

- processing security

- radiation security

- radio security

- red-side security

- rule-based security

- short-term security

- signal security

- simple security

- smart token security

- software security

- software-based security

- speech communication security

- staff security

- state-of-the-art security

- strategic level security

- sub-standard security

- tamper responding security

- tamper response security

- telephone security

- temporary security

- terminal security

- theoretical security

- top security

- top-level security

- top-notch security

- traffic analysis security

- traffic flow security

- transaction security

- transmission security

- unbreakable security

- unconditional security

- upgraded security

- user-role-based security

- voice security

- voice-based security

Англо-русский словарь по компьютерной безопасности > security
12 storage

n

1) хранение; складирование

2) хранилище; склад

3) плата за хранение; складские расходы

- additional storage
- adequate storage
- awaiting-repair storage
- bonded storage
- bulk storage
- cargo storage
- carryover storage
- dead storage
- disorderly storage
- extended storage
- freight storage
- ground storage
- inadequate storage
- indefinite storage
- indoor storage
- in-process storage
- limited storage
- live storage
- long-time storage
- negligent storage
- normal storage
- oil storage
- open storage
- open air storage
- outside storage
- parts storage
- prolonged storage
- proper storage
- shelf storage
- short-term storage
- small-lot storage
- standard storage
- standby storage
- stationary storage
- temporary storage
- terminal storage
- warehouse storage
- storage in bags
- storage of cargo
- storage of goods
- storage of materials and products
- storage of spare parts
- storage on hand
- storage free
- accept for storage
- arrange storage
- provide storage
- put in storage
- turn in for storage

English-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > storage
13 concrete

1) бетон

2) окраска бетона

3) бетонный

4) бетонировать; сращивать

5) конкретный; определённый

•

concrete with entrained air — бетон с вовлечённым воздухом

concrete with honeycombed spots — раковистый бетон

to autoclave concrete — обрабатывать бетон в автоклаве

to bloat concrete — вспучивать бетон

to bond fresh concrete to the hardened concrete — сопрягать ранее уложенный бетон с новым

to cast reinforced concrete in situ — изготавливать железобетон на месте

to compact concrete by vacuum — вакуумиривать бетон

to compact concrete by vibration — виброуплотнять бетон

to congest concrete with reinforcement — насыщать бетон арматурой

to consolidate concrete by vacuum — вакуумиривать бетон

to consolidate concrete by vibration — виброуплотнять бетон

to consolidate concrete — уплотнять бетон

to convey concrete to the point of placement — подавать бетон к месту укладки

to consolidate concrete by hand — уплотнять бетон вручную

to cure concrete — выдерживать бетон

to demould concrete — снимать форму с бетона

to design a concrete mixture — проектировать состав бетона

to expose concrete to sea water — подвергнуть бетон действию морской воды

to float concrete — заглаживать бетон ( с помощью гладилки)

to foam concrete — вспенивать бетон

to lay concrete in alternate bay — укладывать бетонное покрытие "через плиту" ( дорожное строительство)

to let into concrete — забетонировать; заделать в бетон

to mix concrete "en route" — перемешивать бетон в пути ( в автобетономешалке)

to mix concrete on the job — приготавливать бетон на стройплощадке

to place concrete — укладывать бетон

to place concrete against forms — укладывать бетон в опалубку

to precast reinforced concrete — предварительно изготавливать железобетон

to prestress reinforced concrete by post-tensioning — предварительно напрягать железобетон натяжением на упоры

to reinforce concrete — армировать бетон

to screed concrete — разравнивать бетон

to steam-cure concrete — пропаривать бетон

to strike off excess concrete — снимать излишки с бетона

to transfer stress from the reinforcing steel to the concrete — обжимать бетон при предварительном напряжении в изделии

to strike off surplus concrete — снимать, срезать излишки бетона

to strike off excess concrete — снимать, срезать излишки бетона

to trowel concrete — заглаживать бетон ( с помощью тёрки)

to waterproof concrete — придать бетону водонепроницаемость

- concrete of one consistency
- concrete of stiff consistency - above-water concrete - acid-resisting concrete - adjustment of concrete mixture - aerated concrete - ageing of concrete - agglomerate-foam concrete - air-entrained concrete - air-entraining concrete - air-entrapped concrete - air-hardening of concrete - airfree concrete - air-placed concrete - airtight concrete - antiseptic concrete - application of concrete mixture - architectural concrete - architectural exposed concrete - armoured concrete - articulated concrete - asbestos-foamed concrete - as cast concrete - ash concrete - asphalt concrete - asphaltic concrete - asphaltic-cement concrete - as-placed concrete - autoclaved concrete - autoclaved cellular concrete - awakened concrete - balancing of proposed concrete mix - arrangement of steel in reinforced concrete - ballast concrete - batching of concrete mix - batching of concrete mix by volume - batching of concrete mix by weight - belt-conveyed concrete - biological shielding concrete - bituminous concrete - bituminous concrete pavement - bleeding of concrete - blown-out concrete - bonded to the steel concrete - booted concrete - breakdown test for concrete sample - breeze concrete - broken concrete - build concrete - buried concrete - bush-hammered concrete - cassie concrete - cast concrete - cast-in-place concrete - cast-in-situ concrete - cell concrete - cellular concrete - cement concrete - cement concrete pavement - central-mixed concrete - ceramsite concrete - cinder concrete - close-up failures in concrete structure - coarse concrete - coarseness of concrete mixture grading - cinder cement concrete - coke cement concrete - cold weather concrete - colloidal concrete - coloured concrete - compacted concrete - continuous concrete - controlled-quality concrete - copper-bearing concrete - corrosion-damaged concrete - crack safety of reinforced concrete elements - crazed concrete - crushed concrete - crushed-stone concrete - cured concrete - curing of concrete by ponding - curing of concrete units - curing of test concrete specimens - custom concrete - dead load of concrete structure - de-aerated concrete - deformation of concrete mix - delayed-setting concrete - dense concrete - dense ballast concrete - deposing of concrete - dry-mix concrete - dry concrete - early-strength concrete - earth concrete - electrically conductive concrete - epoxy concrete - excess concrete - expansive concrete - exposed concrete - extra-heavy concrete - fast-hardening concrete - fat concrete - faulty concrete - fibrous concrete - field concrete - fine concrete - finished concrete - floated concrete - floating concrete mixture plant - fluating of concrete - fluid concrete - fly-ash concrete - foam concrete - folding concrete form - fresh concrete - fully consolidated concrete - gas concrete - glass concrete - glass-fibre reinforced concrete - granite concrete - gravel concrete - gravel-aggregated concrete - green concrete - grouted-aggregate concrete - guss concrete - hand-compacted concrete - gypsum concrete - gypsum fibre concrete - hard concrete - hard rock concrete - hardened concrete - hardening of concrete - harsh concrete - haydite concrete - hearting concrete - heat-insulating concrete - heat-resistant concrete - heavy concrete - high-slump concrete - high-strength concrete - hollow concrete - homogeneous concrete - honeycombing concrete - hooped concrete - hot-laid asphaltic concrete - hydraulic concrete - ingredients of concrete - in-situ concrete - integral waterproofing of concrete - iron-shot concrete - job-mixed concrete - job-placed concrete - jonquil concrete - lean concrete - light aggregate concrete - lightweight concrete - lightweight aggregate concrete - lilac concrete - lime concrete - liquid concrete - liquid glass concrete - loose concrete - low-porosity concrete - low-slump concrete - machine-mixed concrete - marine concrete - mass concrete - mushy consistency of concrete - nailable concrete - nailing concrete - normal concrete - normal heavy concrete - no-slump concrete - off-formwork concrete - ordinary dense concrete - overnight concrete - oversite concrete - pavement concrete - placeability of concrete - placement of concrete - plain concrete - polymer concrete - polypropylene-fibre reinforced concrete - polystyrene-foam concrete - poor concrete - poor-quality concrete - popcorn concrete - porous concrete - portland-cement concrete - portland-pozzolana concrete - poured-in-place concrete - post-stressed concrete - post-tensioned concrete - precast concrete - precast structural concrete - prepacked aggregate concrete - pressed concrete - prestressed concrete - prestressed concrete with anchor loops - prestressed concrete with anchor plates - pumice concrete - pump concrete - quality concrete - rammed concrete - reactive aggregate concrete - ready-mix concrete - ready-mixed concrete - refractory concrete - reinforced concrete - rich concrete - roller compacted concrete - rough concrete - rubble concrete - sample of concrete - sand and gravel concrete - sand-cinder concrete - sandwich concrete - sawdust concrete - segregated concrete - segregating concrete - self-stressed concrete - setting of concrete - site concrete - slag concrete - slag-foam concrete - slow-setting concrete - spread concrete - spreaded concrete - spun concrete - stamped concrete - steam-cured concrete - steamed concrete - steel concrete - steel-fibre reinforced concrete - stiff concrete - stone concrete - structural concrete - stuck concrete - subaqueous concrete - substandard concrete - sulphur concrete - sulphur modified concrete - tamped concrete - tar concrete - terazzo concrete - transit-mix concrete - transit-mixed concrete - tremie concrete - ultra-high-strength concrete - undersanded concrete - underwater concrete - unworkable concrete - vacuum concrete - vacuum-treated concrete - vermiculite concrete - water-cured concrete - waterproof concrete - watertight concrete - weather resistant concrete - wet concrete - wood-fibre concrete - workability of concrete - workable concrete
* * *

бетон; бетонная смесь || бетонировать

concrete around reinforcing steel — бетон в зоне [между стержнями] арматуры

concrete compacted by jolting — бетонная смесь, уплотнённая ударным методом [трамбованием]

concrete cured at 20°C — бетон, выдерживаемый при температуре 20°C

concrete cured at elevated temperatures — бетон, выдержанный [отвердевший] в условиях повышенных температур

concrete in mass — массивный бетон, бетон, уложенный в большой массив

concrete in the structure — бетон в теле конструкции [сооружения] ( в отличие от бетона в контрольных образцах)

concrete placed in lifts — бетон, укладываемый слоями [послойно]

concrete placed in the work — бетон, уложенный в конструкцию

concrete strong enough to support its own weight — бетон, достигший прочности, достаточной для восприятия собственного веса

concrete strong enough to support superimposed loads — бетон, достигший прочности, позволяющей воспринимать приложенные [временные] нагрузки

concrete with a high cement factor — бетонная смесь с большим содержанием цемента, жирная бетонная смесь
- concrete of inadequate quality
- concrete of the required quality
- abrasion-resistant concrete
- acid-resisting concrete
- acrylic concrete
- aerated concrete
- air-entrained concrete
- air entrapped concrete
- air-placed concrete
- air-tight concrete
- alkali-resistant glass grain-reinforced concrete
- all-lightweight-aggregate concrete
- architectural concrete
- architectural exposed concrete
- architectural precast concrete
- asbestos foamed concrete
- as-mixed concrete
- asphaltic concrete
- asphalt concrete
- as-placed concrete
- autoclaved concrete
- backfill concrete
- basalt chippings concrete
- base course concrete
- base concrete
- belt-conveyed concrete
- biological shielding concrete
- bitumen concrete
- black concrete
- blended cement concrete
- blinding concrete
- board-finished concrete
- board marked concrete
- breeze concrete
- brick-look concrete
- brushed concrete
- bulk concrete
- bush hammered concrete
- calcium silicate concrete
- cast-in-place concrete
- cellular concrete
- cement concrete
- centrifugally cast concrete
- chloride-contaminated concrete
- cinder concrete
- clay concrete
- coarse-graded asphaltic concrete
- coarse asphaltic concrete
- coarse-graded asphalt concrete
- coarse asphalt concrete
- cold-laid asphaltic concrete
- cold asphaltic concrete
- cold-laid asphalt concrete
- cold asphalt concrete
- colloidal concrete
- colored concrete
- compacted concrete
- composite reinforced concrete
- constructional concrete
- continuously reinforced concrete
- conventional concrete
- corrosion-damaged concrete
- crushed concrete
- crushed brick concrete
- cryogenic concrete
- cured concrete
- custom concrete
- cyclopean concrete
- dense concrete
- densit concrete
- dingy concrete
- disintegrated concrete
- doubly prestressed concrete
- doubly reinforced concrete
- dry concrete
- dry mixture concrete
- dry mix concrete
- durable concrete
- earth-damp concrete
- electrically conductive concrete
- electrically heated concrete
- epoxy concrete
- exfoliated vermiculite concrete
- expanded concrete
- expanded-clay concrete
- expansive-cement concrete
- exposed aggregate concrete
- extra heavy concrete
- extreme lightweight concrete
- extruded concrete
- facing concrete
- fair-faced concrete
- fat concrete
- fiber reinforced concrete
- field concrete
- field-cured concrete
- fill concrete
- fine grained concrete
- fine grain concrete
- fire-proof concrete
- floated concrete
- flowing concrete
- flow concrete
- foamed concrete
- foamed slag concrete
- foam-gas concrete
- free-flowing concrete
- fresh concrete
- freshly laid concrete
- freshly mixed concrete
- freshly placed concrete
- fully consolidated concrete
- furnace cinder concrete
- gas concrete
- glass concrete
- glass-fiber reinforced concrete
- granolithic concrete
- green concrete
- grouted-aggregate concrete
- grouted concrete
- gunned concrete
- gypsum concrete
- gypsum fiber concrete
- hand mixed concrete
- hardened concrete
- harsh concrete
- hearting concrete
- heated concrete
- heat insulating concrete
- heat-resistant concrete
- heavyweight concrete
- weight concrete
- high-density concrete
- high-early-strength concrete
- high flowability concrete
- high-pressure steam cured concrete
- high-strength concrete
- high-temperature-resisting concrete
- high-temperature concrete
- high-workability concrete
- holdover concrete
- honeycombed concrete
- hot concrete
- hot-laid asphaltic concrete
- hot asphaltic concrete
- hot-laid asphalt concrete
- hot asphalt concrete
- hot weather concrete
- hydraulic concrete
- ice concrete
- improved quality concrete
- in-fill concrete
- initial concrete
- in-situ concrete
- insulating concrete
- integrally colored concrete
- iron-shot concrete
- latex modified concrete
- lean mix concrete
- lean concrete
- left-over concrete
- lightweight concrete
- lightweight aggregate concrete
- lime concrete
- low cement content concrete
- low-density concrete
- low-grade concrete
- low-heat concrete
- low-pressure steam cured concrete
- low-slump concrete
- low-slump dense concrete
- low workability concrete
- machine mixed concrete
- marine concrete
- mass concrete
- microsilica concrete
- monolithic concrete
- mushy concrete
- nailable concrete
- new concrete
- no-fines concrete
- no-fine concrete
- noncomplying concrete
- nonshrink concrete
- normal-weight concrete
- normal concrete
- no-slump concrete
- no-voids concrete
- ocrated concrete
- off-formwork concrete
- ordinary structural concrete
- ornamental concrete
- oversite concrete
- packaged concrete
- pattern stamped concrete
- pavement concrete
- perlite aggregate concrete
- perlite concrete
- perlite insulating concrete
- pfa concrete
- pigmented concrete
- plain concrete
- plant-mixed concrete
- plastic concrete
- plastic state concrete
- pneumatically placed concrete
- polyester resin concrete
- polyester concrete
- polymer concrete
- polymer-cement concrete
- polymer-impregnated concrete
- polymer-modified concrete
- polymer-modified glass-fiber-reinforced concrete
- polystyrene bead concrete
- polystyrene-foam concrete
- poor concrete
- popcorn concrete
- porous concrete
- Portland cement concrete
- post-tension concrete
- pourable concrete
- poured-in-place concrete
- pozzolana concrete
- precast concrete
- precast glass-fiber-reinforced concrete
- precast prestressed concrete
- precast reinforced concrete
- precast with cast-in-place concrete
- prefabricated reinforced concrete
- prefab reinforced concrete
- prepacked aggregate concrete
- prepacked concrete
- pre-post tensioned concrete
- prestressed concrete
- pretensioned concrete
- pretension concrete
- properly consolidated concrete
- pumice concrete
- pumpable concrete
- quality concrete
- quality controlled concrete
- radiation shielding concrete
- rammed concrete
- ready mixed concrete
- recycled concrete
- refractory concrete
- refractory insulating concrete
- regular concrete
- reinforced concrete
- reinforced polymer concrete
- resin concrete
- resin modified cement concrete
- returned concrete
- rich concrete
- roller compacted concrete
- rubble concrete
- salt water resistant concrete
- sand concrete
- sand blasted concrete
- sawdust concrete
- scale-resistant concrete
- scoria concrete
- sealed concrete
- seawater resisting concrete
- seawater concrete
- self-compacting concrete
- self-stressed concrete
- semidry concrete
- semilightweight concrete
- set concrete
- shielding concrete
- shrinkage compensating concrete
- shrink-mixed concrete
- shuttered concrete
- silica-fume concrete
- silicate concrete
- site concrete
- site mixed concrete
- site mixed ready mixed concrete
- slag concrete
- specialty concretes
- special concretes
- specified ready mixed concrete
- sprayed concrete
- sprayed steel fiber concrete
- spun concrete
- stabilized concrete
- stamped concrete
- standard concrete
- steam cured concrete
- steel fiber concrete
- steel fiber reinforced concrete
- steel fibrous concrete
- sticky concrete
- stiff consistency concrete
- stiff concrete
- stone concrete
- structural concrete
- structural lightweight aggregate concrete
- structural lightweight concrete
- structural precast concrete
- submerged concrete
- sulfate-resistant concrete
- sulfur concrete
- sulfur-modified concrete
- super concrete
- superplasticized concrete
- superplasticized flowing concrete
- tamped concrete
- tar concrete
- terrazzo concrete
- textured architectural concrete
- textured concrete
- textured concrete left as cast
- three component concrete
- tooled concrete
- transit-mix concrete
- translucent concrete
- tremie concrete
- trowelled concrete
- truck-mixed concrete
- two-component concrete
- ultra-high-strength concrete
- uncured concrete
- undersanded concrete
- underwater concrete
- uniform concrete
- unreinforced concrete
- unsurfaced exposed concrete
- vacuum treated concrete
- vacuum concrete
- vermiculate concrete
- vibrated concrete
- waterproofed concrete
- water-repellent concrete
- watertight concrete
- weak concrete
- wearproof concrete
- wet concrete
- white cement concrete
- white concrete
- wire prestressed precast concrete
- wire stressed precast concrete
- wood cement concrete
- wood fiber concrete
- zero slump concrete

Англо-русский строительный словарь > concrete
14 pressure

1) давление; сжатие

2) прессование, вдавливание

3) интенсивная эксплуатация

•

pressure against the ends — давление на торцы ( преднапрягаемой балки)

pressure on foundation — давление на основание

to charge with pressure — заряжать давлением

to expose to pressure — заряжать (давлением)

to hold pressure — удерживать давление

to release pressure — спускать давление

to set pressure — задавать давление

to take up pressure — воспринимать давление ( о конструкции)

to withstand pressure — выдерживать давление

- abutment pressure
- active pressure - allowable pressure - allowable soil pressure - artesian pressure - atmospheric pressure - balance pressure - barometric pressure - base pressure - bearing pressure - collapsing pressure - contact pressure - design pressure - dynamic pressure - earth pressure - excess pressure - excessive pressure - exhaust pressure - extreme pressure - failure pressure - full pressure - gauge pressure - ground pressure - head pressure - high pressure - hydraulic pressure - hydrostatic pressure - impact pressure - inadequate pressure - input pressure - jet pressure - line pressure - maximum soil pressure - oil pressure - osmotic pressure - overload pressure - partial pressure - percolation pressure - potential pressure - rated pressure - reaction pressure - saturation vapour pressure - sea level pressure - soil pressure - specific pressure - suction pressure - supercritical pressure - support pressure - surface pressure - system pressure - threshold pressure - tire air pressure - top pressure - unit pressure - upward pressure - vapour pressure - velocity pressure - water pressure - wheel pressure - wind pressure - working pressure
* * *

1. давление; напор; сжатие

2. прессование

pressure against the ends — давление на торцы преднапряжённой балки ( от напрягаемой арматуры)

to bring to atmospheric pressure — привести к атмосферному давлению (напр. давление в рабочей камере или шлюзе)
- absolute pressure
- active pressure
- active earth pressure
- air pressure
- allowable pressure
- assembly clamping pressure
- atmospheric pressure
- at-rest earth pressure
- back pressure
- balance pressure
- barometric pressure
- bearing pressure
- building pressure
- capillary pressure
- circulating pressure
- concrete pressure on formwork
- condensing pressure
- confining pressure
- contact pressure
- critical pressure
- curvature pressure
- cutoff pressure
- delivery pressure
- design pressure
- differential pressure
- discharge pressure
- dynamic pressure
- earth pressure
- earth back pressure
- effective pressure
- end-bearing pressure
- end pressure
- equalizing pressure
- equilibrium pressure
- evaporating pressure
- excess pressure
- excess pore pressure
- filtration pressure
- flow pressure
- footing contact pressure
- form pressure
- full pressure
- gauge pressure
- gravity pressure
- head pressure
- high pressure
- hydrodynamic pressure
- hydrostatic pressure
- ice pressure
- impact pressure
- initial pressure
- inlet pressure
- intake pressure
- intergranular pressure
- internal radial pressure
- lateral earth pressure
- low pressure
- manometric pressure
- mean pressure
- negative pressure
- negative pore pressure
- negative wind pressure on roof
- net bearing pressure
- neutral pressure
- neutral stress pressure
- operating pressure
- partial pressure
- passive earth pressure
- permissible pressure
- population pressure
- pore-water pressure
- positive wind pressure
- preconsolidation pressure
- presumptive pressure
- relative pressure
- safe working pressure
- saturated vapor pressure
- saturation pressure
- seepage pressure
- sound pressure
- spring pressure
- standard atmospheric pressure
- static pressure
- static fan pressure
- steam pressure
- suction pressure
- super-high pressure
- supply pressure
- surcharge pressure
- surplus pressure
- swelling pressure
- test pressure
- total pressure
- total fan pressure
- total horizontal water pressure
- total normal water pressure
- tyre pressure
- unit pressure
- vacuum-gauge pressure
- vapor pressure
- velocity pressure
- wave pressure
- wind pressure
- working pressure

Англо-русский строительный словарь > pressure
15 formal

1. n амер. разг. мероприятие, на котором участники должны быть в вечерних туалетах

formal dress — одежда для торжественных вечерних приёмов; фрак; длинное вечернее платье

2. a выполненный по установленной форме, в соответствии с этикетом; надлежаще оформленный

formal charge — обвинение, предъявленное с соблюдением необходимых формальностей

formal invitation — официальное приглашение

formal bow — сухой поклон

formal validity — действительность со стороны формы

3. a вечерний; парадный, предназначенный для торжественных приёмов

formal clothes

the etiquette governing the setting of a table for a formal dinner — правила сервировки стола для официального обеда

4. a официальный; сухой

formal talks — официальные переговоры

formal document — официальный документ

formal address — официальное выступление

formal statement — официальное заявление

formal accusation — официальное обвинение

5. a формальный, сделанный для проформы

formal politeness — формальная вежливость

formal error — формальная ошибка

formal logic — формальная логика

formal language — формальный язык

formal neuron — формальный нейрон

formal theory — формальная теория

6. a формальный, формалистический

formal approach — формальный метод

formal inference — формальный вывод

formal argument — формальный параметр

formal equality — формальное равенство

formal grammar — формальная грамматика

7. a внешний, поверхностный; кажущийся

a formal resemblance between two things — внешнее сходство между двумя предметами

8. a относящийся к форме; облекающий сущность в определённую форму

formal defect — недостаток формы

formal note — акт

took formal note — составил акт

take formal note — составлять акт

formal conviction — формальный акт осуждения

9. a правильный, симметричный; строго распланированный

formal garden — английский сад

Синонимический ряд:

1. academic (adj.) academic; conformal; conforming; conformist

2. ceremonial (adj.) ceremonial; ceremonious; courtly; decorous; liturgical; orthodox; polite; proper; ritual; sententious; solemn; stately

3. conventional (adj.) conventional; customary; prescribed; standard

4. definite (adj.) definite; lawful; legal

5. dressy (adj.) dressy; fancy-dress; full-dress

6. explicit (adj.) explicit; express; official; stodgy; strict

7. fixed (adj.) fixed; methodical; regular; rigid; rigorous; rigourous; set

8. nominal (adj.) nominal; so-called; titular

9. prim (adj.) precise; prim; punctilious; reserved; starched; stiff; stilted; stuffy

Антонимический ряд:

casual; comfortable; common; customary; easy; general; habitual; illegal; inadequate; incomplete; incorrect; informal; irregular; normal; ordinary; relaxed; unusual

English-Russian base dictionary > formal
16 arc fault
1. "дуговая" неисправность
"дуговая" неисправность
Неисправность, приводящая к возникновению дуги.
[Интент]

Параллельные тексты EN-RU

An arc fault occurs when there is a reduction in the dielectric strength of the insulating means (air, in LV switchboards) interposed between two or more conducting elements at different potential.

The arc is generated at the moment when, due to the high ionization of the air, there is a breakdown of the dielectric of the medium and the consequent flow of the current through it.

In an arc fault the highest stresses are of thermal type and proportional to RaI² owing to the high value taken by the arc resistance Ra; this because the fault current flows in a medium which is always insulating, even if extremely ionized.

Such stresses manifest themselves essentially in the form of:
• high thermal gradients caused by the quick and intense rise in the air temperature;
• high pressure gradients in the form of pressure wave;
• high ionization of the air with consequent reduction of its insulating strength.

Generally speaking, in a LV assembly designed and tested according to the Standard IEC 60439-1 an arc fault is not very likely to occur; however, should it occur, the consequences would be extremely harmful to both the equipment as well as the personnel (see Chapters 2.2 and 2.3).

The causes of an arc fault can be both technical as well as non technical; among the latter the most frequent are the following:
• personnel errors, above all during maintenance operations;
• installation operations not sufficiently accurate;
• inadequate maintenance, above all in the case of severe environmental conditions.

Among the technical causes of an arc fault in a LV assembly the following ones are to be remembered:
• breakdown of the insulation essentially in the proximity of the supports of the busbars and of the plug-in contacts of the withdrawable units (75% of cases);
• overvoltages generating disruptive discharges between the points at minimum clearances (15% of cases);
• constructional defects of the apparatus (10% of cases).

[ABB]

К «дуговой» неисправности, относится неисправность, обусловленная уменьшением электрической прочности изолирующей среды (воздуха в НКУ) между двумя или более токоведущими частями, находящимися под разными электрическими потенциалами.

Дуга образуется в тот момент, когда вследствие высокой ионизации воздуха происходит пробой изолирующей среды, вследствие чего через нее начинает протекать электрический ток.

Проявлением дуговой неисправности, является тепловое воздействие, пропорциональное RaI² и достигающее большого значения вследствие большого сопротивления дуги Ra.
Дело в том, что ток дуги протекает через среду, которая всегда является изолирующей, пусть даже и чрезвычайно ионизированной.

Указанные воздействия очевидны сами по себе особенно в форме:
• теплового градиента температуры, вызванного быстрым и интенсивным подъемом температуры воздуха;
• высоким градиентом давления в форме волны давления;
• высокой ионизацией воздуха с последующим уменьшением электрической прочности.

Вообще говоря, в НКУ, разработанных и испытанных в соответствии с требованиями стандарта МЭК 60439-1 «дуговая» неисправность маловероятна. Однако, если дуга все таки возникнет, ее последствия буду чрезвычайно тяжелыми как для оборудования, так и для персонала (см. п. 2.2 и 2.3).

Причина дуговой неисправности может носить как технический, так и нетехнический характер. Среди последних наиболее часто возникают следующие:
• ошибки персонала, совершаемые главным образом во время технического обслуживания;
• недостаточно аккуратное выполнение монтажа;
• ненадлежащее техническое обслуживание, главным образом при эксплуатации НКУ в тяжелых условиях окружающей среды.

Среди технических причин дуговой неисправности в НКУ необходимо помнить о следующих:
• пробой изоляции, особенно вблизи опор шин и втычных контактов выдвижных частей НКУ (75 % случаев);
• перенапряжения, вызываемые разрушительными электрическими разрядами между точками с минимальными зазорами (15 % случаев);
• конструктивные дефекты аппаратуры (10 % случаев).

[Перевод Интент]

Тематики
- НКУ (шкафы, пульты,...)
EN
- arc fault
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > arc fault

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